PowerShell UIAutomation (1) – Windows自動化測試

前言：最近在使用PowerShell研究Windows自動化測試，在此篇做個整理，皆使用 Win11 22H2 測試過。

.

執行一般程式的各種方式

#Way-1
& calc  

#Way-2
$proc= Start-Process -Wait -FilePath "calc" -PassThru
Write-Host $proc.ExitCode

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執行UWP程式

#查詢UWP名稱並執行, 此例$appid: Microsoft.WindowsCamera_8wekyb3d8bbwe
$appid= (Get-StartApps "Camera").AppId
start "shell:AppsFolder\${appid}"  

#直接執行UWP
start "shell:AppsFolder\$(Get-StartApps "Camera" | select -ExpandProperty AppId)"

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送出WIN + X 按鍵，整數Key Code 請參考此處

# Import the necessary namespace
Add-Type -TypeDefinition @"
    using System;
    using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
    public class KeyboardHelper {
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern void keybd_event(byte bVk, byte bScan, uint dwFlags, UIntPtr dwExtraInfo);
    }
"@

function SendWinCombinationKey([char]$key) {
    Set-Variable -Option ReadOnly KEY_OP_PRESS      -Value 0
    Set-Variable -Option ReadOnly KEY_OP_RELEASE    -Value 2  
    Set-Variable -Option ReadOnly KEY_CODE_LEFT_WIN -Value 91
    
    #Press
    [KeyboardHelper]::keybd_event($KEY_CODE_LEFT_WIN, 0, $KEY_OP_PRESS,   [UIntPtr]::Zero) 
    [KeyboardHelper]::keybd_event($key,               0, $KEY_OP_PRESS,   [UIntPtr]::Zero) 

    #Release
    [KeyboardHelper]::keybd_event($KEY_CODE_LEFT_WIN, 0, $KEY_OP_RELEASE, [UIntPtr]::Zero)
    [KeyboardHelper]::keybd_event($key,               0, $KEY_OP_RELEASE, [UIntPtr]::Zero)
}

SendWinCombinationKey "E" #WIN + E to execute file explorer

.

Seek a window

#by Window Title
$proc_list= Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowTitle -like "Camera"
 }

#by Process Name
$proc_list= Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.ProcessName -like "WindowsCamera" }

.

Move Window to Front ground

Add-Type @"
  using System;
  using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
  public class SFW {
     [DllImport("user32.dll")]
     [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
     public static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
  }
"@

function SetForegroundWindow($windowTitle) {
    $proc_list = Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowTitle -like $windowTitle }
    foreach($proc in $proc_list) {
        $ret= [SFW]::SetForegroundWindow( $proc.MainWindowHandle )
    }
}

SetForegroundWindow "Camera"

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更改視窗大小，參數請見 ShowWindow API

$user32 = Add-Type -Name User32 -Namespace Win32 -PassThru -MemberDefinition '[DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern bool ShowWindow(IntPtr hWnd, int nCmdShow);'  

function ShowWindow([string]$WindowTitle, [int]$nCmdShow) {  
    $proc_list = Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowTitle -like $WindowTitle }  
    foreach($proc in $proc_list) {
        $user32::ShowWindow($proc.MainWindowHandle, $nCmdShow) 
    }
}

ShowWindow "Camera" 3 #3:SW_MAXIMIZE, 5:SW_SHOW, 6:SW_MINIMIZE

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使用 Win + Z 快速鍵實作 Left/Right Maximum，應該是 Win11 之後才支援

Add-Type @"
  using System;
  using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
  public class SFW {
     [DllImport("user32.dll")]
     [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
     public static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
  }
"@

$proc_list = Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowTitle -like "Camera" }  
foreach($proc in $proc_list) {
    [SFW]::SetForegroundWindow( $proc.MainWindowHandle )
    sleep 1
    SendWinCombinationKey "Z"  #[WIN]+[Z] to trigger the snip layout
    sleep 1
    SendKeys "1"
    sleep 1
    SendKeys "2"   #2:right maximum, 1:left maximum
    sleep 1
    SendKeys "{ESC}"
}

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送出按鍵Event到指定的APP, Key Event字串請見SendKeys API。Volume Up/Down須直接送出整數key code，Win key須改用 [KeyboardHelper]::keybd_event()

$KEY_CODE_VOLUME_UP= 175
$KEY_CODE_VOLUME_DOWN= 174

function SendKeys($keys) {
    $obj = New-Object -ComObject WScript.Shell
    $obj.SendKeys( $keys )  
}

#It seems we need to bring a windows to Foreground AND ShowWindow for sending a key event
SetForegroundWindow "Camera"
ShowWindow "Camera" 5 #3:SW_MAXIMIZE, 5:SW_SHOW, 6:SW_MINIMIZE

#Send key events
SendKeys "^n"     #CTRL  + n
SendKeys "+n"     #SHIFT + n
SendKeys "%n"     #ALT   + n
SendKeys "{ESC}"  #ESC
SendKeys "1"      # number 1
SendKeys "123{enter}" #number 1,2,3, then ENTER
SendKeys $KEY_CODE_VOLUME_UP     # Volume up